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Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets` E, o. GONDITL HEATINGFURNAGE.

No. 372,968. PatentedNov. 8, 1887..

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(No Model.) I 2 sheets-'sheet 2.

' E. C. CONDIT.

HB'ATING PURNAGIB.

No. 372,988. 'Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

UNITED STATES "ATENT Enron.

EZEKIEL C. CONDIT,=-OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

HEATING-FURNACE.'

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,968l dated November 8, 1887.

Application led August 21, 1886. SerialNo. 211,561. (No model.)

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EZEKIEL C. CoNDrT, of Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements. in Heating-Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to furnaces used for heating large buildings; and the inf ventiou consists in certain novel features of construction,as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Figure l is a transverse vertical section on the line c c of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse longitudinal section on the line a. a of Fig. l, and Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section on the line b b of Fig. l.

This invention may be designated as an improvement on the furnaces which are known.;l to thepublic as the Ruttanheaters or air;

warmers,7 they being specially designed for use in large school-houses and similar public buildings in which, for the purposes of warming and Ventilating, it is desired to secure a very large volume of warm fresh air to be introduced into the rooms at a comparatively low or mild temperature, instead of a small volume at a high temperature. To accomplish this result, it is necessary that the furnace shall have a very large amount of heating-surface, and to secure this in a simple and efficient manner, and at the same time provide means for controlling the travel or passage of the products of combustion, is the special object of the present invention.

The furnace is constructed of cast-iron, ythe body consisting ofv three parts-viz., the ashpit L, the body A, made in two longitudinal sections united by a joint, K, as shown in Fig. l, the fire-box B being cast integral with the lower section and the rear combustion-chamber, N, as shown in the several figures.

-The ash-pit and re-boX, as shown in Fig. 3, are only aboutone-third (more or less) of the length of the entire furnace, and, as shown in Fig. l, are considerably narrower than the body A. As shown in Fig. 2, the ash-pit and fire-box are made wedge-shaped longitudinally, being much narrower at the rear end than at the front, G representing the grate and the lining of the re-boX. The -body A is cast in two parts united lby a slip-joint, K, extending longitudinally throughout its length, the form of this joint Kbeing shown clearly in Fig. l, the object of this construction being to enable the upper 5 part to be raised, when necessary, to insert the vertical tubes C and allow for the expansion of the same also.

The lower part of the body A is united to the fire-box It by a lateral projection or plate, F, as shown in Fig. l, this plate F, in rear of the fire-box, extending entirely across from side to side, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and forms the bottom of the body A. At each side of the fire-box, and from there back to the rear end, this plate F is provided with a series of holes for the reception of the lower ends of a series of tubes, C', as shown more clearly in Figs. l and 2.

The upper part of the body A in crosssection is made of the form shown in Fig. l, having a longitudinal central raised portion which forms a flue or passage, T, on its interior eX- tending its whole length from front to rear, and on each side of this raised portion is a flat horizontal projection, F', provided with a series of holes correspondingl to those in the lower portion for the reception of the upper ends of the 'tubes C', as shown in Figs. l and 8. These tubes C are set inclined, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the llame and heat will impinge more directly upon them as they rise from the fire. As shown in Fig. 2, the line of these air-tubes C4 from the front backward converge, following the converging sides of the fire-pot to near the middle of the furnacebody, from which point they diverge or are placed farther apart as they approach the rear y end of the body A.

At a little distance in rear of the firebox, and about midway of the body A, I secure a plate, W, between the upper portion of two of the tubes C', in sucha position as to form a transverse partition, as shown in Fig. 1, but which does not extend up into the flue T. In the space under this partition W, I locate a vertical damper or plate, D, of the proper size to close the space between the plate W and the bottom F, this damper being so formed as to fill the space transversely between the tubes, and being provided with a central pivot or journal at the bottom, so it can be turned at right angles, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2 at will. In order to have the means for opening or closing this damper, its

journal is made to project through the bottom F, as shown in Fig. 3, and has secured rigidly to it an arm, I), to which is attached a rod, M, which extends alongside of the fire-box, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2, and projects through a hole in the Vfront plate, so that by pulling or pushing this rod the damper D can be opened or closed whenever desired.

The combustion-chamber N, with its vertical air-tubes C, which is shown iii the several ligures, is constructed the same as descri bed in my Patent No. 355,301, dated January et, 1887, and `need not be further described herein, as its construction and location are plainly shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. A. series of longitudinal smoke or heat tubes, H, three or more ou cach side of the central raised flue, T, extend from the upper portion of this combustion-chamber N forward over the body A to a clianiber,(iiot shown,) the saine as iii my previous application, and as is common in the well-known Ituttan heaters, the sinokcpipe I extending from thence backward, as is customary in the Ruttan heaters, the arrows in said parts clearly indicating the line of travel of the products of combustion through the saine. C may be provided with a collar or lateral flanges at top and bottom to fit against the inner faces ot" the top and bottom plates, F and F', or fitted in in any known manner to forni tight joints.

When a fire is first started, the damper D will be opened, so as to produce a direct draft, and this of course may be done whenever it is desired to make the fire burn up more intensely; but when the fire is in good condition the damper D may be closed, which will cause a large portion of the flame and heat to pass outward between the air-tiibes C into the space between said tubes and the walls of the body A, as indicated by the arrows in the front portion of Fig. 2, from whence it will pass back between the air-tubes in the rear portion ofthe body A into the central space, and thence into the combustion-chamber N between and around the airtiibes C therein, tlienceinto and through the horizontal tubes H to the front, from whence they pass oft' through the smokepipe I, thus holding the products of eonibustion iii contact with the heating-surfaces for along distance, aud thereby extracting the caloric to as great an extent as possible without reducing their temperature so low as to impair tlie draft.

By the arrangement of the air-tubes C as shown I secure a very great increase of the heatingsuifacc, and by setting them inclined over the fire, assliowii, the heat acts upon them in a most effectual manner, especially when the damper D is closed, so that the heat, excepting what passes through flue T, has to pass between and around them, as shown, and this I get in addition to the heating-surface of the body A and the retiirn-pipes H heretofore used in this class of heaters. The air to be warmed is delivered underneath the furnace,

The air-tubes usually at one or both sides at or near the tirebox, from whence it passes upward through the air-tubes C' and C, the great bulk of it passing through the tubes C, from which itis delivered at their upper ends directly against the horizontal tubes H and the vertical sides ofthe raised portion of the top, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. l. In setting the furnace in its brick-work it may be arranged so that all the air shall pass up through the tubes C and U; but I prefer to arrange it so that a portion of the air shall also pass up around and against the outer surface of thc body A and the extension or combustion chamber N, so as to utilize every particle or portion ofthe heating surface, and so as to prevent these parts from becoming ovci'heated. 3y these means an immense volume of air can be passed through and over the heater, thus securing at all times a large supply of fresh air for the scholars or other occupants of the building to inhale, and at the saine time deliveriugthis large volume of air at a niuch lower temperature than with the ordinary hot-air furnaces, and consequently in a much better condition for use and for the health of the occupants. In sel.ioolrooins where froiirlil'ty to sixty-five children are confined for hours in a room scldom exceeding twenty-five by thirty-five feet this is a matter ofthe utmost importance.

It will be observed that in proportion to the size of the fire-box the amount of heating-surface in a furnace constructed on this plan is far in excess of that ot' ordinary furnaces, and that consequently there is no danger of iinparting to the air the high temperature and very dry and disagreeable condition which ordinarily results from the use of hot-air furnaces, and which is so injurious to health. As this large volume of air must pass out of the rooms as fast as it enters them, (suitable ventilatingducts being provided for that purpose,) it will be seen that a most thorough and continuous ventilation of the rooms will also be secured.

Vliile I have shown the Firebox R as being cast integral with the lower part of the body A,it is obvious that it may be made separately and be bolted thereto, or that the ash-pit and fire-box may be cast in one piece,if preferred, this being a matter of choice, as the one or the other plan may be found most convenient for the foundryinaii. It will also be observed that the parts F and F are each made with an inclination from the horizontal plane, soas to bring them at right angles to the inclined tubes C for greater convenience in fitting the parts together.

By making the body A with the horizontal joint K, as shown, the tubes C, when injured by the heat,can readily be replaced by simply raising the upper part of the body Aslightly.

I am aware that it is common to construct furnaces with what is termed a saiid-joint, in which the edge or flange of one part tits into agroove or cavity formed on the other part, said cavity being filled with sand and IOO ' sometimes with` cement; also, that furnaces have been made with tubes arranged to be drawn out or inserted through holes in the top plate, and I do not claim either of these; but,

Having fully described my improvements, what I do claim is- 1. The combination of the oblong body A, provided with the horizontal slip-joint K, with the two rows of upright air-tubes G,arranged within the body, substantially as shown and described,whereby said tubes can be inserted or removed through the interior ofthe body by simply raising the top sectionl sufficiently to release the ends of the tubes, and whereby, also, the longitudinal expansion of said tubes is prevented from'straining or breaking the plates composing the body.

2. The `oblong furnace-body A,made in two parts united by the horizontal slip-joint K, the upper part being provided with the inclined horizontal parts or4 plates F F, land the lower part with the correspondinglyinclined parts F F', to adapt it to receive and hold the upright inclined tubes C', substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination ofthe body A with the wedge-shapedre-box R and the air-tubes C,

arranged in lines converging from the front rearward to near the center, and from thence diverging toward the`rear,with the damper D, arranged as shown, whereby the products of combustion are caused to pass from the lirebox outward between the front portion of the tubes, and then inward between the rear portion of the tubes, as shown and described.

4. The combination,in a furnace,of the body A, provided with the central longitudinal elevated flue, T, made integral with the top section of the body, the air-tubes C passing through `said body and arranged in rows on opposite sides of said iiue, and the damper D, all arranged to operate substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination,in a furnace, of the body A, having the air-tubes C arranged therein, the extension-chamber N, with the air-tubes C, and the return smoke-tubes H, all arranged for joint operation,substantially as shown and described.

EZEKIEL C. CONDIT.

Witnesses:

E. W. CONDIT, I. P. DANA. 

